Energy Blog

Tuesday, 7 February 2012

Text Box: Jatropha Oil is extracted from a seeds and has the potential to be used as bio fuel. Unlike other bio fuels, like ethanol, Jatropha Oil is pressed from the seeds of a non-edible plant, which thrives in harsh conditions. Therefore it would not compete with human and animal food consumption and would not require fertile land to be cultivated, unlike corn and wheat. The Jatropha Caucus produces seeds that have up to 37% oil content. This oil is extracted by either solvent extraction or a screw press.  After extraction, the Jatropha seed cake has been used as manure in the farms. This project aims at using the jatropha cake to produce biogas. Biogas commonly consists of 55-65% methane, 30-35% carbon dioxide, with traces of hydrogen, nitrogen, and hydrogen sulphide. Marco Polo claimed the production of a fuel by covering sewage tanks in China. Ancient Persians also observed that rotting vegetables produced a flammable gas. Biogas today is produced by digesters that feed off waste to transform useless matter into bio gas. This waste however can be a various amount of different substances. These substances contain rotten plants, animal manure, human waste, food waste, and many other commonly thrown out items. Bio gas is close to natural gas which can be used for heating, cooking, and the production of electricity. Natural gas consists of around 80% methane with a B.T.U. value of around 1000; biogas has a similar B.T.U. of around 600. Biogas can be improved by filtering it though limewater to remove carbon dioxide as shown by the equation below: Ca(OH)2 + CO2  → CaCO3 + H2O Iron filings can be used to absorb corrosive hydrogen sulphide: 2Fe(s) + 3H2S → Fe2S3 + 3H2  Calcium chloride can be used to remove water vapour as a final scrubbing procedure: CaCl2 + xH2O → CaCl2 .xH2O When biogas is scrubbed, it has more traits of natural gas and burns very much cleaner.
Text Box: Jatropha Plant                                            Jatropha Seeds                                          Jatropha cake
Text Box: Jatropha Caucus is becoming more popular worldwide. The Jatropha plant can be found in many tropical or sub-tropical areas, such as Africa, India, Asia and the Caribbean. The Jatropha Caucus is drought and pest resistant which makes it grow effectively and relatively quickly in poor conditions. It also can produce seeds for up to 40 years










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Posted by Science lover at 07:57
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