Monday 30 April 2012

Biogas: Pakistan’s energy crises solution




Biogas: Pakistan’s energy crises solution


BEING ONE of the top and important country in the world in terms of food products, textile, medicine, nuclear and variety of other sectors, Pakistan is still facing energy crisis from almost last 7 years having a short fall of minimum 5000 MW. This crisis will never end rather increase with every second being passed. Recently, Pakistanis has been ranked the fourth most intelligent nation in the world but still they cannot find the way to meet their energy demands. The reason behind this is the lack of good leadership, illiteracy, excessive use of fossil fuels and other political issues. Now, in these conditions the only way of survival and to overcome this problem is that we stop blaming and relying on the government or other private energy sector’s policies and start thinking to solve it by alternative methods. Full Article Biogas: Pakistan’s energy crises solution

Video | Hestia Home Biogas Plant

Video | Hestia Home Biogas

Video | Hestia Home Biogas





Produce more energy than solar panels anytime day or night, rain or shine while producing higher quality fertilizer than compost using 100% natural, clean burning biogas made from completely ordinary household waste.
weiswar@ innoventor, you'll be fine in Nepal. This one runs very well at very low temps, even less than 50 F sometimes. I think if you just have some kind of hoop house or greenhouse and pipe some waste heat from something through it you'll be fine.

Masqueepo, this digester produces 2 cu.m. of biogas per day, about 70 cu.ft. So, enough to cook 3 meals per day for 10 people or run a 1 kW generator for 3 hours. It is fed with about 12-15 lbs. per day of organic waste.

Video | Demonstration of Insinkerator-based Puxin biogas system in Palawan

deDemonstration of Insinkerator-based Puxin biogas system in Palawan to journalists

Along with the German Medical Doctor non-profit organization Chance for Growth, we created a "medical biogas mission' to Palawan Island in the Philippines and created the first international Biogas conference in Palawan. Here we are seen demonstrating the Insinkerator food waste grinder and feedstock preparation device and compost companion to Filipino television and community groups.

Saturday 28 April 2012

Weltec Biopower builds biogas plant in France

Weltec Biopower GmbH has started construction of a biogas plant in France,

Weltec Biopower GmbH has started construction of a biogas plant in France, scheduled for commissioning in October. The plant, nearly 60 miles northwest of Nantes, will include a 3,052-cubic-meter fermenter, along with a separator, solid matter dosing feeder, two storage tanks, a digestate storage unit and a pump station.

Upon completion, the 526 kilowatt plant will use pig manure along with food industry waste, regenerative raw material and agricultural residue. A farming operation provided the site for the plant and will also provide the ag residue feedstock for the fermenter. Exhaust heat produced by the biogas plant will dry the digestate and provide a source of heat for the pig operation at the site. According to Weltec, a feed-in tariff in France ensures that the country will purchase power from all biogas plants at a set price for 15 years.

Weltec is also working on a biogas facility in Germany—the largest in the country—that will use raw materials and pig manure from roughly 30 farms. On average, farmers associated with the facility will not have to travel farther than nine miles to deliver their substrate product. The biogas plant will feature four fermenters, six digestate storage units and one liquid reservoir, all of which will be piped into a natural gas grid. The facility is set for commissioning in December.

Synergy Biogas Generates Renewable Energy

Synergy Biogas Generates Renewable Energy

Synergy Biogas Generates Renewable Energy on N-Y stat's first co digestion biogas energy plant using animal and food waist to produce biogas, Synergy Biogas Generates 1.5 mega watts of renewable energy electricity for daily operation and grids

Synergy Biogas – largest on-farm digester in NY!

Mixed-waste anaerobic digestion and renewable energy facility at the 2,000-cow Synergy
Dairy in the Town of Covington, Wyoming County, NY
Synergy Biogas will produce more than 10,000 MWh/year (electricity to power more than 1,000 homes) —and is the first independently owned and operated biogas plant located on a
NY dairy farm
Synergy Biogas is designed specifically for co-digestion of manure with food grade organic waste
Synergy Biogas – largest on-farm digester in NY!

Mixed-waste anaerobic digestion and renewable energy facility at the 2,000-cow Synergy Dairy in the Town of Covington, Wyoming County, NY  Synergy Biogas will produce more than 10,000 MWh/year (electricity to power more than 1,000 homes) —and is the first independently owned and operated biogas plant located on a NY dairy farm Synergy Biogas is designed specifically for co-digestion of manure with food grade organic waste



Synergy Biogas, New York's largest on-farm biogas project, generates renewable energy for nearly 1,000 homes. CH4 Biogas LLC built, owns and operates the project under the name Synergy Biogas LLC.

Tuesday 24 April 2012

Video | Bio Electric Unit ,175 KW, Made in Pakistan | info in Punjabi

oVideo | Bio Electric Unit ,175 KW, Made in Pakistan | info in Punjabi

Bio Electric Unit ,175 KW, Made in Pakistan.


Vision Engineering,Sarfraznagger Multan road Lahore,
The given system allows to perform biogas purification to bio-methane condition (full analog of natural gas with methane concentration 90-97%). After the purification system gas can be used as vehicle fuel or can be fed to the general gas supply network. The system advantage is low cost of gas cleaning due to the use of water as the main component of suBiogas production is possible on biogas plants of very different scale. They can be small plants to produce energy for own needs and gigantic centralized Energy Parks for gas and electric power supply to public grid.Most of food and agricultural industry wastes and specially grown energy crops are suitable for biogas production.

Monday 23 April 2012

Biogas Pipeline Connection fittings

Biogas Pipeline Connection fittings

Biogas naturally contains water vapor.When  it  flows  through  a  pipe,  some  of  the  vapor condenses as liquid water, and if it is left in the pipe, it will eventually collect and block the gas flow.The solution is a water trap, a simple device which allows the water to escape. It should be fitted to biogas pipes wherever there is a local low point of the pipe where water naturally collects. And  pipes  should  be  laid  so  that  these  low  points are at easily accessible positions. The water trap consists of a T-joint running a short tube down from the main tube into a small container full of water. The  pressure  of  the  water  prevents  gas  from escaping. The water level should be approximately 15cm  (equivalent  to  150    mbar)  to  ensure  no  gas loss. The  container  could  be  a  plastic  water  bottle  for example. As  it  fills  with  water  it  will  slowly  overflow,  so  the location  should  be  one  where  a  small  amount  of water  leakage  is  okay.  An  inspection  hole  in  the ground, for example, works well. Pipeline Connection
Ideal pipe fitting


bad pipe fitting


 Page 1 Construction of a biogas digester

Construction of a biogas digester

Construction manual of a biogas digester by T.H. Culhane
Here is the description of the system, the basic principles  are  very  simple,  use  the  things  you
find in your surroundings. 

 
1. Cut the top off at a 2.500 liter water tank.You  have  now  made  the  stomach  of  your  “sacred  cow”.


2. Drill 2” hole at bottom of tank and 1” hole at top of tank.


3.  Put  tank  adaptors  in  holes  (threaded  pipewith rubber gasket and locking nut, sometimes
called  bulkhead  fittings  (check  aquarium shop).

4.  Fit  1”  pipe  in  top  hole  (pic  4.a)  on  outside  and 2” pipe inside tank that reaches to middle
of tank. Fit  2”  tube  outside  tank  to  elbow  going  into
tank. This is your feeding tube or the “throat of
the cow” (pic 4.b-c).

biogas digester


5.  Gas  Collector.  Take  another  tank  that  is smaller  in  diameter  than  the  “stomach”  tank you  made  (one  that  fits  inside)  but  try  to  get one as close to the first tank as possible (for a 2.500 “stomach” tank you may only be able to find a 2.000 l “gas collector” tank.  Cut holes in the bottom of this tank as shown (pic 5).

6. Cut 8 holes slightly larger than 2” in bottom.


7. Burn or drill a ½” hole in the top of the gas collector tank near the side as shown.

Put a ½” tank fitting in this hole

9. Put small stones at bottom of stomach tank as homes for bacteria, but do not block or go higher than the output of the feeding pipe.

10.  Fill  with  about  300  to  500  liters  of  water  (grey water is fine).Then  pour  in  about  100  kg  of  animal  manure (this keeps the manure from being exposed to too much oxygen.If you put manure in first you aerate it as you add water  and  that  can  kill  bacteria.  Bu  sure  and use fresh moist or wet fermented manure). Fill the stomach tank to the top until some drips out the 1” pipe.
 

11.  Cut  8    2”  pipes  slightly  shorter  than  the height of the gas collector and cut holes in them like a church organ to let food in and gas out.

12. Fix a piece of  ½” pipe (A) through one end of the 2” pipe and melt its ends so it flares out and can´t fall out of the 2” pipe.

13. Put the 2” pipe in the larger than 2” hole in the gas collector and when it is inserted, fix a  ½” pipe (B) in the other end and flare it. Nowthe  2”  pipe  can’t  fall  out  of  the  tank  when  it goes up and down. Do the same thing for the other 7 pipes. These are our “bacterial motels” or bacterial fuel rods!

Add caption

14. Place the gas collector in the stomach tank. Let it sink down until completely submerged if possible, making sure that the bacteria hotels are straight up and down (you may need to turn the tank slowly as you put it in and let the air out”.
15. Put an elbow, ½” valve and hose adaptor on the ½” tank adaptor and connect to ½”
plastic tube.
16. Wait 3 weeks or so with valve closed until gas collector starts to rise. Release all gas to air
and let it rise again. Release all gas in case it has oxygen in it.
17. The third time tank rises, try to light gas coming out. If it doesn’t light it has too much CO
2in it. Release it and let it rise again. One day it will light as CH2concentration rises.once it lights you can start slowly feeding.
18. When you connect the outcoming gas tube with your cooking place, make sure that a simple “water trap” is included, so that the pipes do not become blocked by condensing water.
download diagram
Next page Biogas Pipeline Connection fittings

Related Post:
Biogas Plant Construction Manual Fixed-dome Digester
Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 4
Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester inlet Part 3
Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester outlet Part 2Step by Step Guide to Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 1

Construction of biogas digester

Construction and use of a biogas digester

(Note: this story is from www.tamera.org)

biogas digester

Construction and use of a biogas digester Biogas systems can be built on any scale: small and simple for a single household, or large and industrial for a whole municipality. In Tamera we are interested in biogas digesters appropriate for a village or community
kitchen; we strive to make these with inexpensive, widely accessible materials and technology.As previously stated, biogas consists of about two third methane and one third CO2, with some water vapor and trace gasses (principally H2 S) and as such, without any alteration or purification, it can be used in all appliances made for natural gas for example cookers and water and space heaters and electric gensets with minimal modifications.
A basic biogas digester consists of a tank in which the organic material is digested, combined with a system to collect and store the biogas produced. The digesters can be quite simple, and the details vary depending on available materials and the needs of the community. Our biogas digester, built in cooperation with T.H. Culhane from Solar C³ITIES e.V., consists of a cylindrical 3000 liter tank, open on top, in which the organic material is digested. A second, slightly smaller tank is placed in the larger tank, upside-down. As biogas is produced, the inner tank fills with gas and rises, telescoping out of the outer tank. As biogas is removed for use, the inner gas storage tank sinks back into the larger, outer tank. In this system, the inner tank acts as both storage, and as a lid for the digester tank. The gap between the tank walls is narrow enough to prevent significant quantities of oxygen from entering the digester, which would kill the anaerobic bacteria that produce the methane.
The amount of biogas lost though the gap is negligible. 3000 liter digester is typically “fed” around 40-60 liters of biomass daily a few full buckets of ground up organic waste mixed with water  and produces enough gas for several hours of cooking per day. The main sources of biomass are food scraps and kitchen waste. Non-woody garden waste is also appropriate.Before being fed into the digester tank, the biomass is mechanically macerated — chewed up — with an
“Insinkerator” garbage disposal.Nowadays these “waste disposal” machines are being rebranded as “feedstock preparation devices”and we call them “compost companions” because they can be used to prepare organic garbage for use in both anaerobic and aerobic decomposition processes.Grinding allows the bacteria to access and digest the organic material more easily; in an anaerobics ystem the transformation into gas and fertilizer can take as little as 24 hours while in an aerobic compost pile the transformation into soil can take as little as three to six days instead of months.For our biogas digestor a slurry of ground biomass and warm (40°C) water is poured into the tank inlet funnel. The inlet for the digester leads down to the bottom center of the digester tank. The digested organic material leaves as a high-quality liquid fertilizer, through an outlet near the top of the outer digester tank. At the top of the inverted, inner tank, there is an outlet for the biogas. Before normal operation, the biogas digester must be “started.” This is done by preparing a 1:1 mixture of fresh animal manure and water, and allowing this to ferment anaerobically for several weeks. The volume of this mixture should be around 200 liters for a 3000 liter digester or roughly 30-40 kg of animal manures per cubic meter of digestor tank space. Less can be used but it would simply take longer to establish the colonies of bacteria to enable feeding (feeding only starts once first flammable gas is produced).The slurry can be prepared in a seperate container or in the digester tank. The manure contains the naturally-occurring bacteria that digest organic matter and produce methane. Note that unlike in cheesemaking or yoghurt making biogas digestors do not rely on one strain of bacteria but depend on a balanced ecology of many different types of microbes – hydrolytic, acidogenic, acetogenic and methanogenic.

Fortunately these are all found in animal manure and even lake mud. Essentially any animal wastes can be used cow, horse, pig, and others; alone or mixed.Human excreta can be used as well, although in this case the fertilizer output of the digester should only be used on trees, or in other appropriate applications.  Once the manure-mixture is producing flammable gas, feeding of the digester with biomass can begin. It  is  best  to  begin  gradually,  for  example  with  1/3  of  the  expected  feeding  for  the  first  week,  2/3  for  the second, and then onto a normal feeding regime.   The maximum ratio is about 25 liters of feedstock slurry for every 1000 liters of digestor space.During  normal  operation,  manures  can  still  be  included  in  the  feed  stock.  Most  energy  has  already  been extracted from manure, but it can help maintain or replenish bacteria populations in the digester and help balance the pH. The pH and temperature of the digester will affect its performance. Biogas digesters prefer to be at a neutral pH; overfeeding with fats and carbohydrates and certain acidic feedstocks can lower the pH and damage bacterial populations while overfeeding with proteins (animal or vegetable) or nitrogen-rich materials (for example chicken droppings, feathers, skin, hair or slaughterhouse waste) can raise the pH and also damage the bacterial consortia.  If one thinks of the digester simply as a stomach (for this is where the bacteria originated) and gives it a balanced nutrition, or if one thinks of it as a liquid compost pile and observes the usual C:N ratio of about 25 to 1, the system should last indefinitely.   But if the bacterial ecology does get out of balance, one can simply restore  the  pH  to  neutral,  add  more  manures,  and  start  over,  so  it  isn’t  difficult  to  recover  from  improper feeding and one shouldn’t fret too much about “damaging” the system. Fortunately every one of us carries in our own guts all the materials we need to get things working again, and for this reason biogas systems are truly the easiest and most democratic of all forms of renewable energy.  High temperatures can kill bacteria; low temperatures may cause them to become dormant. Different methane-producing bacteria respond to temperature differently; some prefer cooler temperatures as low as 17°C-20°C (psychrophilic). Others thrive at higher temperatures around 57°C (thermophilic). On the whole, however, biogas digesters well-suited to temperate climates work best at temperatures around 37°C (mesophilic). In most non-tropical climates, it may be worthwhile to insulate and heat the digester tank, for example with a solar hot water system. It can be helpful to put lake mud in the digester to populate the colder bottom regions with psychrophilic (cold-adapted) microbes.
  The methane-producing bacteria are not adapted to floating free in a tank; they evolved to live in an
animal’s stomach, where they attach to surfaces while being exposed to flows of digestible material.
These conditions can be recreated by covering the bottom of the tank with porous stones or gravel and by 
building high-surface-area “hi-rise” structures inside the digester tank (we call these “microbial motels”!). 
  Vertical    structures  which  permit  bacteria  to  inhabit  all  the  temperature  zones  of  the  tank    increase
efficiency – water separates into thermal layers with the coldest water accumulating at the bottom of the tank
and the warmest water at the top. Unfortunately, most biodigestors rely on bacteria living in sludge granules
on the cold tank floor to do most of the work. 
  By providing bacterial “elevators” or vertical “fuel rods” we give our “pet microbes” a chance to find the
zone within the thermocline most suited to their needs. We often build our “microbe motels” with recycled plastic tubing,  striving for  minimum impact on the flow of gasses and slurry in the tank. We find verticle plastic pipes with holes cut in them to let food in and bubbles out to work well (think of a pipe organ) but vertically strung nets also work as does filling the tank with “bio-blocks” or “bio-balls” or other typical pond filtration media used to encourage bacterial growth.  One  doesn’t  need  to  buy  them  –  we  make  them  by  chopping  up  old  corrugated  plastic  electrical conduit; in Palestine our colleagues throw in the husks of almonds and pistachios; the idea is simply to have floating media upon which bacteria can form their active biofilms. The more surface area in the tank the larger your bacterial population and theoretically the more you
can feed them;  the more biofilms there are the more efficient the bacteria making them up can  work and
produce more gas and fertilizer (bacteria form what have been likened to “microbial cities” in their biofilms
where different regions engage in specialized functions).  As Dr. Anand Karve, inventor of the ARTI India Telescoping biogas system we have adapted, said: “after all, we are talking about bacteria for heaven’s sake - bacteria that can be found anywhere and everywhere, even in our own stomachs!”

Construction manual of a biogas digester by T.H. Culhane

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 4

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 4

Step by Step Guide to Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester by Plastic 1000 letter and 1500 letter water tank

Make ½”  (12.5mm)hole  in the TOP of  the gas holder  tank. The hole  should be near the EDGE of the tank

13.5 mm gas fittings


Fit the male adapter to the   inside of gas holder tank


Add caption


Filling the tank/starting up the system

Place clean  bricks in the  bottom of the  DIGESTER  tank to support the GAS HOLDER tank and the INLET PIPE

Fill the DIGESTER tank
according to  the
START UP instructions








Biogas plant digester

After filling the DIGESTER tank, place the GAS HOLDER tank inside the DIGESTER

biogas digester

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 4

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester inlet Part 3

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester outlet Part 2

Step by Step Guide to Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 1

 

 

 

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester inlet Part 3

Step by Step Guide to Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester by Plastic 1000 letter and 1500 letter water tank part 3


75mm fittings for the INLET/FEEDPIPE


Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester inlet Part 3










biogas tank inlet volve




Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester inlet Part 3

Insert FEED PIPE 1.2 m long into TEE 


Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 4

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester inlet Part 3

Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester outlet Part 2

Step by Step Guide to Constructing a Floating Drum Biogas Digester Part 1